Suspension Parts Function

(1) Shock absorber
Function: Shock absorbers are the main components that generate damping force. Their function is to quickly attenuate the vibration of the car, improve the driving smoothness of the car, and enhance the adhesion between the wheels and the ground. In addition, shock absorbers can reduce the dynamic load on the vehicle body and extend the service life of the car. Currently, the widely used shock absorbers in cars are mainly cylindrical hydraulic shock absorbers, which can be divided into three types: double cylindrical, single cylindrical inflatable, and double cylindrical inflatable. [2]
Working principle: During the process of jumping up and down on the wheel, the shock absorber piston reciprocates in the working chamber, causing the shock absorber liquid to pass through the throttle hole on the piston. Due to the viscosity of the liquid and the friction between the liquid and the hole wall when passing through the throttle hole, kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated into the air, thereby achieving the function of attenuating vibration.
(2) Elastic element
Function: Support vertical loads, alleviate and suppress vibrations and impacts caused by uneven road surfaces. The elastic components mainly include steel plate springs, spiral springs, torsion bar springs, air springs, and rubber springs.
Principle: Parts made of materials with high elasticity convert kinetic energy into elastic potential energy and store it when the wheel is subjected to a large impact, and release it when the wheel jumps down or returns to its original driving state.
(3) Guiding mechanism
The function of the guiding mechanism is to transmit force and torque, while also playing a guiding role. During the driving process of a car, the movement trajectory of the wheels can be controlled.